全文获取类型
收费全文 | 60138篇 |
免费 | 6726篇 |
国内免费 | 4147篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 3886篇 |
技术理论 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 6003篇 |
化学工业 | 7040篇 |
金属工艺 | 2777篇 |
机械仪表 | 2840篇 |
建筑科学 | 6106篇 |
矿业工程 | 2613篇 |
能源动力 | 2299篇 |
轻工业 | 3443篇 |
水利工程 | 2537篇 |
石油天然气 | 4200篇 |
武器工业 | 1053篇 |
无线电 | 9126篇 |
一般工业技术 | 9665篇 |
冶金工业 | 2403篇 |
原子能技术 | 1252篇 |
自动化技术 | 3766篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 116篇 |
2023年 | 894篇 |
2022年 | 1625篇 |
2021年 | 1969篇 |
2020年 | 1952篇 |
2019年 | 1810篇 |
2018年 | 1639篇 |
2017年 | 2059篇 |
2016年 | 2191篇 |
2015年 | 2236篇 |
2014年 | 3375篇 |
2013年 | 3492篇 |
2012年 | 4089篇 |
2011年 | 4502篇 |
2010年 | 3494篇 |
2009年 | 3701篇 |
2008年 | 3328篇 |
2007年 | 4159篇 |
2006年 | 3869篇 |
2005年 | 3102篇 |
2004年 | 2678篇 |
2003年 | 2412篇 |
2002年 | 1958篇 |
2001年 | 1601篇 |
2000年 | 1500篇 |
1999年 | 1204篇 |
1998年 | 991篇 |
1997年 | 874篇 |
1996年 | 759篇 |
1995年 | 657篇 |
1994年 | 566篇 |
1993年 | 496篇 |
1992年 | 381篇 |
1991年 | 295篇 |
1990年 | 266篇 |
1989年 | 202篇 |
1988年 | 147篇 |
1987年 | 86篇 |
1986年 | 53篇 |
1985年 | 42篇 |
1984年 | 50篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 27篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 27篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
1963年 | 5篇 |
1959年 | 10篇 |
1951年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
51.
52.
为了评估北盘江鱼类增殖放流效果,2017~2018年期间采用体外荧光、剪鳍、"T"型标三种标志方法对目标鱼类进行标志放流,通过集中捕捞方式进行回捕调查,集中捕捞时间为2017年7月、2018年8月,捕捞水域为董菁-马马崖-光照-善泥坡库区。结果表明,白甲鱼回捕率较高,为0.82%,其他鱼类均在0.5%左右,其中主要为低龄鱼类,高龄鱼类较少;董菁打邦河及各库尾水域物种丰富度较高,善泥坡高家渡码头和马马崖库区试验库尾物种多样性指数相对较低。建议在以后的增殖放流活动中,加大每年的监测频次。 相似文献
53.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(58):30204-30215
Hydrogen-absorbing magnetic alloy films, such as palladium-cobalt (PdCo) alloy films, are expected to play a significant role in the next generation of hydrogen sensors. However, effects of hydrogenation on such films are very complex, since these alloys show strong spin-orbit interaction, i.e., strong magnetoelastic coupling. Accordingly, we conducted integrated research on the hydrogenation, magnetoelastic coupling, magnetism, and galvanomagnetic effect of PdCo alloy films having different magnetic anisotropies of longitudinal and perpendicular magnetic anisotropies. As a result, it was revealed that the stress in the film determines its magnetic anisotropy. The magnetoresistance curves of films, consisting of ordinal and anisotropic magnetoresistance effects, correspond well to the magnetization-magnetic field curves. Hydrogenation results in the compressive stress and decreased magnetostriction, which both have a negative influence on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy of the films. Moreover, the influence is observed also in ordinal and anisotropic magnetoresistances. In addition, the increases in coercivity and electronic resistivity due to the incorporated hydrogen atoms (and related defects) are detected. The results are summarized in a correlation diagram, which shows that hydrogen-absorbing magnetic alloy films are very suitable for use in hydrogen sensors—the films can detect hydrogen via various methods such as magnetic anisotropy, galvanomagnetic effect, coercivity, and resistivity. 相似文献
54.
Xi Chen Zhengkun Yu Chen Yang Yao Chen Chao Jin Yuejiao Ding Wenbin Li Zhongmin Wan 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(19):11127-11139
Flow field structure can largely determine the output performance of Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Excellent channel configuration accelerates electrochemical reactions in the catalytic layer, effectively avoiding flooding on the cathode side. In present study, a three-dimensional, multi-phase model of PEMFC with a 3D wave flow channel is established. CFD method is applied to optimize the geometry constructions of three-dimensional wave flow channels. The results reveal that 3D wave flow channel is overall better than straight channel in promoting reactant gases transport, removing liquid water accumulated in microporous layer and avoiding thermal stress concentration in the membrane. Moreover, results show the optimal flow channel minimum depth and wave length of the 3D wave flow channel are 0.45 mm and 2 mm, respectively. Due to the periodic geometric characteristics of the wave channel, the convective mass transfer is introduced, improving gas flow rate in through-plane direction. Furthermore, when the cell output voltage is 0.4 V, the current density in the novel channel is 23.8% higher than that of conventional channel. 相似文献
55.
Lei He Yan Xuan Feng Zhang Xue Wang Huaqing Pan Junfeng Ren Meina Chen 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(1):1096-1105
Bulk and surface properties of proton stability and transportation in Y and Nd co-doped BaCeO3 (BCYN), especially the effect of Nd segregation, were investigated by first-principles calculations. Since the structure of doped BaCeO3 at the operating temperature of proton-conducting has been unclear for a long time, we have summarized the latest experimental results and calculated the structure of the asymmetric BCYN for the first time. The results show that compared with Y, Nd doping promotes oxygen vacancy formation, however reduces proton stability. Our calculation can also provide a possible explanation for the formation of space charge layer at the grain boundary of doped BaCeO3 in experiment. Unlike the stable Y in BCYN, Nd is calculated to be easily segregated, which can facilitate both proton hydration and proton transportation near the surface. Moreover, Nd segregation at the grain boundary is predicted to be beneficial for proton transportation between grains. 相似文献
56.
Theoretical investigation of solvent effects on the selective hydrogenation of furfural over Pt(111)
Jian Wang Cun-Qin Lv Jian-Hong Liu Rong-Rong Ren Gui-Chang Wang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(2):1592-1604
It was well known that solvent effect plays a very important role in the catalytic reaction. There are many theoretical studies on the solvent effect in homogeneous catalysis while there are few theoretical studies on the solvent effect in the heterogeneous catalytic reaction and there has been no work to investigate the solvent effect on furfural transformation in heterogeneous catalysis. In the present work, both the density functional calculations and the microkinetic analysis were performed to study the selective hydrogenation of furfural over Pt(111) in the presence of methanol as well as toluene and compared with that in the gas condition. The present results indicated that the methanol can enhance the adsorption strength of furfural and other oxygen-containing reaction species due to its relatively strong polarity properties and this can be a main reason for solvent-induced high activity and selectivity. Another reason is that reaction paths study showed that the presence of methanol solvent makes the dehydrogenation of furfural less thermochemical due to the fact that furfural is more stabilized than that of dehydrogenation species, and methanol also has an inhibition effect on the dehydrogenation of furfural in the kinetic aspect, and further energetic span theory proves highest activity and selectivity for hydrogenation in methanol solvent of vapor, methanol and toluene. Moreover, microkinetic model simulation demonstrated that the activity and selectivity of hydrogenation in methanol is both higher than that in vapor and toluene. The much higher activity in methanol is due to the stabilized adsorbed reactants in the surface, which leads to a higher surface coverage of furfural. It might be proposed based on the present work that a solvent with relatively strong polarity may be favorable for the high selective hydrogenation of furfural. 相似文献
57.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(11):15640-15646
Ferroelectric ceramic with a large electrocaloric (EC) effect at a very low electric field is very attractive in the next solid state refrigeration technology. In this work, two Pb(Sc0.25In0.25Nb0.25Ta0.25)O3 (PSINT) medium-entropy ceramics were successfully synthesized by a spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology, including one-step-SPS processed and two-step-SPS processed samples. A large EC effect (△T ~ 0.85 K) with a high EC strength (△T/△E ~ 0.021 K cm/kV) around room temperature are obtained at a very low electric field (~40 kV/cm) in the two-step-SPS processed sample. Moreover, the working temperature range is very broad (~120 K), which can be responsible for the high relaxation degree of the dielectric peak. It can be believed that the PSINT medium-entropy ceramics can be promising candidates for application in the next-generation EC cooling devices. 相似文献
58.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(15):21832-21845
A variety of combinations of YF3 and MgF2 were used as sintering aids in the fabrication of Si3N4 ceramics via gas pressure sintering (GPS). The synergistic effects of YF3 and MgF2 on the liquid viscosity, mechanical properties, thermal conductivities, and grain growth kinetics of the Si3N4 ceramics were investigated. The results showed that appropriately adjusting the YF3/MgF2 ratio could decrease liquid viscosity, reducing the diffusion energy barrier of the solute atom and promoting mass transfer. Meanwhile, the chemical bonding strength in the grain boundary complexions formed by the metal cations also influenced grain boundary migration. Samples doped with 4 mol% YF3 and 2 mol% MgF2 achieved the lowest grain growth exponent (n = 2.9) and growth activation energy (Q = 616.7 ± 16.5 kJ mol?1) as well as the highest thermal conductivity (83 W m?1 K?1) and fracture toughness (8.82 ± 0.13 MPa m1/2). 相似文献
59.
Tianqi Hou Zirui Jia Ailing Feng Zehua Zhou Xuehua Liu Hualiang Lv Guanglei Wu 《材料科学技术学报》2021,68(9):61-69
To solve the electromagnetic pollution,herein,a CoFe2O4/C/PANI composite was developed by a green route,which was constructed with spinel of metal oxide,graphitized carbon and conductive polymer composites.Benefiting from the designable interfaces and increased dipoles,the microwave dielectric response capability can be boosted significantly and resulted in the enhanced microwave absorbing performance.As revealed by the reflection loss curve,the minimum reflection loss(RLmin) reached-51.81 dB at 12.4 GHz under a matched thickness of 2.57 mm.At 2.5 mm,the effective absorbing band covered 8.88 GHz,suggesting the desirable wideband feature.In our case,the method of utilization of a novel green way to fabricate multiple-component EM absorber can be a promising candidate for high-performance EM absorber. 相似文献
60.
Trinh Nguyen Thi Phuoc Cao Van Duc Duong Viet Viet Dong Quoc Hayeong Ahn Viet Anh Cao Min-Gu Kang Junghyo Nah Byong-Guk Park Jong-Ryul Jeong 《Ceramics International》2021,47(12):16770-16775
In this study, we examined the dependence of surface morphology and spin Seebeck effect (SSE) voltages on the poly[vinylpyrrolidone] (PVP) concentration in polycrystalline Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) ultrathin films on a silicon substrate synthesized by metal-organic decomposition followed by a crystallization process. During fabrication, PVP concentrations of 0.5–2 g were used while all other conditions remained fixed. Atomic force microscopy and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed a strong dependence of crystallinity and sample morphology on PVP concentration. The 1-g PVP sample had the smoothest surface, with a root mean square roughness of 0.2 nm, as well as superior bulk uniformity with respect to the shape and intensity of XRD reflection peaks. This was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy measurements of a cross-section of the sample that revealed a uniform film without pores. SSE measurements were performed to obtain the output SSE voltages (VSSE) of all samples, to which a platinum layer was added as a spin-detection layer. Repeatedly, the 1-g PVP sample had the best performance, demonstrating the importance of film crystallinity and morphology in the spin-to-charge conversion efficiency of YIG films. 相似文献